Lubricant and process of manufacturing same.



UNITED STATES PATENT ossroa.

ROBERT HAMILTON HUTCHINSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

LUBRICANT AND PROCESS OF IAN'UFLOT'U'BING sum.

No. 907,065. Specification Letters Patent. d iatented Dec. 15, 1908. Application filed October 20, 1906. laid No. 389,841.

o all whom it may concern: ter added afterwards. Other slight modifi- Be it known that I, ROBERT H. Horcmm cations will of course so est themselves to SON, a citizen of the United States, residing those skilledin the art. oreover, the above at New York, in the county ofNew York an i process relates more particularly to the bet- State of New York, have invented a new and ter grades of wool fat. Some grades, howso usefulLubricant and Process of Manufacturl ever, contain fatty acids. For instance, that ing the Same, of which the following is a commercially known as degras contains specification. all the way from four to twenty-five per cent. The princi al object is to provide and proof such acids. As these vegetable or animal duce at smal cost a high gra e lubricant that acids in their crude state are not desirable in 65 can be employed for ractically all classes of the lubricant, a small quantity of alkali, prefmachinery, that can e readily changed-in its erably ammonia, may be added to saponify consistency to properly cooperate with either whatever fatty acids may be contained in the heavy or light mechanism, and that may be wool fat, thus producing a soap which is im- 5 permanent y kept in a fluid state. i ortant inasmuch as it prevents corrosion of 70 The lubricant in its simplest and perhaps the metal parts by the water. Carrying this preferred form consists of wool fat, mineral feature further, it may be stated that the adoil and water thoroughly commingled. The dition or employment of vegetable or animal wool fat that I preferably use in carrying out oil to the'compound, whether incorporated in 0 my invention is a cheap rade of de ras the wool fat or added separately a terwards, 7 though I may successfu y employ etter is well within the scope of the present invenades, as for instance that known as neution. tra which is entirely free, or nearly so, of Upon the specific gravity of the oil and fatty acids. A given amount of water can also the cold test depends the quality or be stirred into Wool fat, say from 100 to 200 character of the lubricant for specific pur- 80 per cent., depending u on the grade of the poses. For instance, if a fluid compound is wool fat em oyed. I iave discovered, howdesired, a light gravity oil is necessary. For vcertain compoundsthat it is desired to feed quickly, an oil of from B. up to 50 B., gravity ma be emplo ed. On the other hand if anoi of from 23 to 273mm ahigh cohlf test is used, the compound is heavy, like a gear rease, and will not flow. A com ound that asproven to beparticula'rly good or exever, that i' wool fat is dissolved in mineral oil, and then water (at cold or normal tem-v 30 perature) added gradually, a little at a time, the mixture being thoroughly stirred, an excessive amount of water can be introduced. For instance, as against 50 parts of wool fat (raw) and 50 parts of water in making one form of lubricant, I have been enabled to incorporate 20 parts of water into one art of one part of wool at,six arts of oil andtwenty wool fat when the latter has been disso ved in parts of water. Care 1 tests have shown six parts of mineral oil. that a very much smaller amount of the One process is to first dissolve the wool fat above than of mineral oil (now almost uni- 40 in the oil, and then gradually, with the aid of versally used) will pipiperlilubricate the cyl- 95 a mixing machine or implement, mix and inder and piston w e t e sparking plugs beatih the'water. An wellknown mixer will remain a olutely clean, so' that ignition may be successfully emp oyed, though I have and combustion is not interfered with. For foundthat those having beaters revolving steam c linders, one-part of wool fat, twenty simultaneously in opposite directions, give parts 0 oil and six parts of water may be 100 the most satisfactory and quickest results. employed. For ht bearings, such as spin- The ingredients are mixed together much in dles in cotton one part of wool fat, the same manner as one would beat an thirty parts of oil and twenty parts of water egg with an e g beater. ma be successfully used.

h above escribed specific process,howe above are of course merely examples 105 ever, is. not the only one that can be emof the wide variations of proportions and the lo'yed. For instance, water may be introgrades of wool fat and 011 t at ma be emuce'd into the wool fat before its incorporaployed. It will be evident that or other tion in the mineral oil, the combined fat and of lubricant, the composition can be water then mixed with the oil, and more wareadily altered. Moreoventhe lubricant can 110 plosive engine c lmder lubrication, contains H either be prepared in condition for immediate use, or it may be ut up in a thicker state to be thinned down y mixture with water and oil to the desired consistency. The right consistency of the composition is like cream of milk, this being largely due to the gradual stirring in of the Water. The water which is combined with the wool fat and oil remains with it tenaciously, and enables the lubricant to be introduced to any point desired through lubricators and feed i es.

It will be observe t designated pure in order to define that water alone, unmixed with other materials, is employed, as distinguished from introduced mixtures in which water forms preliminary ingredient, changed or its action is negatived by its incorporation with the other materials of such mixture, being employed for a totally difi'ere compound is particularly advantageous for use in lubricating pistons and cylinders of automobile explosive engines, not only ail'ording better lubrication than that obtained with the ordinary mineral oil, but eliminating to a very material degree the smoke and odor of the exhaust. This is due to the relatively small quantity of grease or oil in the compound as compared with the 100 per cent. straight or pure mineral oil ordinarily used, which burns, producing carbon. his absence, in a large measure, of offensive fumes driven from the exhaust pipe is a very desirable feature initself. Moreover straight or (pure oils become verythiri in the cylinder, an are affected by th vailing therein, so that they lose their viscosity 'or adhesive qualitiesfand splash and rise to ,the topof the cylinders and valves, there carbonizing, and causing'trouble. For lubricating automobile cylinders, comparatively light oils are employed for the reason that very heavy steam-cylinder oils are in most cases too heavy tojeed'freely throu h the cylinders. WVool fat alone cannot e used, andv therefore the water and the light mineraloil act in the ,natureof .a vehicle to conduct the fat to where itwill be of service.

finally from the stress of heat, and Will escape in the form of va or through the exaust, leaving the wool at upon the piston due to its high unctious adhesive nature, so thata permanentfilm of high class lubricant is always present, and. such lubricant is of a nature that will require a higher. degree of heat than there is in an explosive engine cylinder to dry it up. This is the reason ther fore why so little of the wool'fat'need be used as compared with the straight mineral oils, and Why such wool fat does not cause trouble on the tops of the valves by a concentration of carbon. Further than this, the compound of fat and Water at Water alone is introduced into the mixture and this water is ev excessive heat pre- 1 is to some extent a cooling ingredient, which helps to keep the temperature of the cylinderlo wer than it would other wise be.

Having thus fully what I claim as new, and Letters Patent, is:

1. A lubricant including a composition of wool fat, oil and water, the amount of water being greater than the amount of wool fat.

2 lubricant including a com osition of wool fat, mineral oil and water, t e amount of water and the amount of oil being each greater than the amount of wool fat.

3. A lubricant including a composition of substantially one part of wool fat, substantially six parts of mineral oil, and substan tially twenty parts of water.

4. A fluid emulsified lubricant including a composition of wool fat, dissolved in oil-with suliicient water added to the mixture and completely intermingled therewith to constitute a fluid vehicle for the same.

5. A lubricant including a composition formed of Wool fat, mineral oil, water and ammonia.

6. The process of lubricant containing a lar Water, said rocess consisting n1 d ssolving wool fat in oil and adding a sufficient amount of water thereto to produce afluid emulsion.

7. The process of producing a lubricant which consists in dissolving wool fat in mineral oil, and afterwards adding cold Water gradually thereto,- the amount of oil. and Water being greater than the amount of wool fat.

8. The process of producin a lubricant, which consists in mixing wool at and water, mixing the compositionwith oil and then adding water. into the said latter mixture.

desire to secure by ge proportion of mineral oil, adding an amount of water greater than the wool fat to the mixture and simultaneously stirring the composition While the water is being added.

10. The process of producing a lubricant, which consists in commingling wool fat and mineral oil and adding a sufficient amount of cold water to the mixture to form afluid emulsion.

11. The process of producing a lubricant,

which conslsts 1n commingling Wool fat and mineral oil, and adding cold water to the mixture by beating thesame together.

12. Alubricant comprising a fluid emulsion of 'commin led wool fat, oil and water,

that are separab water.

13. The

which e by the vaporization of the process of producing a lubricant, consists in-commingling an alkali with wool fat containingla fatty acid'to saponig said acid, mixing t e same with mineral 0 described my invention,

producing an emulsified and adding sufficient water to the mixture to my own, I have hereto afiixed my signature form a lubricant. d f 1f d in the presence of two witnesses.

.14. u ricant com ose 0 W00 at an an emulsified mixture? of fatty acid and ROBERT HAMILTON HUTGHINSON' 5 alkali, mineral oil and an amount of water Witnesses:

greater than the amount of wool fat. LOUISE A. RUIZ, In testimony, that Iclaim the foregoing as W. WILLARD BABCOOK. 

